Molecular Engineering Using an Anthanthrone Dye for Low‐Cost Hole Transport Materials: A Strategy for Dopant‐Free, High‐Efficiency, and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

In this report, highly efficient and humidity‐resistant perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using two new small molecule hole transporting materials (HTM) made from a cost‐effective precursor anthanthrone (ANT) dye, namely, 4,10‐bis(1,2‐dihydroacenaphthylen‐5‐yl)‐6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8...

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Published in:Advanced energy materials 2018-06, Vol.8 (16), p.n/a
Main Authors: Pham, Hong Duc, Do, Thu Trang, Kim, Jinhyun, Charbonneau, Cecile, Manzhos, Sergei, Feron, Krishna, Tsoi, Wing Chung, Durrant, James R., Jain, Sagar M., Sonar, Prashant
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Language:English
Subjects:
Aniline
anthanthrone dye
Dopants
Drying
Dyes
Energy conversion efficiency
high efficiency
high stability
low‐cost hole transporting materials
Molecular chains
perovskite solar cells
Perovskites
Photoelectric effect
Photoelectric emission
Photovoltaic cells
Protective coatings
Solar cells
Stability
Titanium dioxide
Transport
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4627-c94de389e6f7adb0c26992f42d908a75699dd1a2d5e570a8fe7a51207201b9f73
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container_title Advanced energy materials
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creator Pham, Hong Duc
Do, Thu Trang
Kim, Jinhyun
Charbonneau, Cecile
Manzhos, Sergei
Feron, Krishna
Tsoi, Wing Chung
Durrant, James R.
Jain, Sagar M.
Sonar, Prashant
description In this report, highly efficient and humidity‐resistant perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using two new small molecule hole transporting materials (HTM) made from a cost‐effective precursor anthanthrone (ANT) dye, namely, 4,10‐bis(1,2‐dihydroacenaphthylen‐5‐yl)‐6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene (ACE‐ANT‐ACE) and 4,4′‐(6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene‐4,10‐diyl)bis(N,N‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline) (TPA‐ANT‐TPA) are presented. The newly developed HTMs are systematically compared with the conventional 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD). ACE‐ANT‐ACE and TPA‐ANT‐TPA are used as a dopant‐free HTM in mesoscopic TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM solid‐state PSCs, and the performance as well as stability are compared with Spiro‐OMeTAD‐based PSCs. After extensive optimization of the metal oxide scaffold and device processing conditions, dopant‐free novel TPA‐ANT‐TPA HTM‐based PSC devices achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.5% with negligible hysteresis. An impressive current of 21 mA cm−2 is also confirmed from photocurrent density with a higher fill factor of 0.79. The obtained PCE of 17.5% utilizing TPA‐ANT‐TPA is higher performance than the devices prepared using doped Spiro‐OMeTAD (16.8%) as hole transport layer at 1 sun condition. It is found that doping of LiTFSI salt increases hygroscopic characteristics in Spiro‐OMeTAD; this leads to the fast degradation of solar cells. While, solar cells prepared using undoped TPA‐ANT‐TPA show dewetting and improved stability. Additionally, the new HTMs form a fully homogeneous and completely covering thin film on the surface of the active light absorbing perovskite layers that acts as a protective coating for underlying perovskite films. This breakthrough paves the way for development of new inexpensive, more stable, and highly efficient ANT core based lower cost HTMs for cost‐effective, conventional, and printable PSCs. First time low‐cost anthanthrone dye based hole transporting materials (HTMs) 4,10‐bis(1,2‐dihydroacenaphthylen‐5‐yl)‐6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene (ACE‐ANT‐ACE) and 4,4′‐(6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene‐4,10‐diyl)bis(N,N‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline) (TPA‐ANT‐TPA) end capped with dihydroacenaphthylene and triphenyleamine groups are designed and synthesized, respectively. Among both, dopant‐free TPA‐ANT‐TPA cut‐rate HTM ($67
doi_str_mv 10.1002/aenm.201703007
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The newly developed HTMs are systematically compared with the conventional 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD). ACE‐ANT‐ACE and TPA‐ANT‐TPA are used as a dopant‐free HTM in mesoscopic TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM solid‐state PSCs, and the performance as well as stability are compared with Spiro‐OMeTAD‐based PSCs. After extensive optimization of the metal oxide scaffold and device processing conditions, dopant‐free novel TPA‐ANT‐TPA HTM‐based PSC devices achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.5% with negligible hysteresis. An impressive current of 21 mA cm−2 is also confirmed from photocurrent density with a higher fill factor of 0.79. The obtained PCE of 17.5% utilizing TPA‐ANT‐TPA is higher performance than the devices prepared using doped Spiro‐OMeTAD (16.8%) as hole transport layer at 1 sun condition. It is found that doping of LiTFSI salt increases hygroscopic characteristics in Spiro‐OMeTAD; this leads to the fast degradation of solar cells. While, solar cells prepared using undoped TPA‐ANT‐TPA show dewetting and improved stability. Additionally, the new HTMs form a fully homogeneous and completely covering thin film on the surface of the active light absorbing perovskite layers that acts as a protective coating for underlying perovskite films. This breakthrough paves the way for development of new inexpensive, more stable, and highly efficient ANT core based lower cost HTMs for cost‐effective, conventional, and printable PSCs. First time low‐cost anthanthrone dye based hole transporting materials (HTMs) 4,10‐bis(1,2‐dihydroacenaphthylen‐5‐yl)‐6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene (ACE‐ANT‐ACE) and 4,4′‐(6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene‐4,10‐diyl)bis(N,N‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline) (TPA‐ANT‐TPA) end capped with dihydroacenaphthylene and triphenyleamine groups are designed and synthesized, respectively. Among both, dopant‐free TPA‐ANT‐TPA cut‐rate HTM ($67 g−1) exhibits higher performance with 17.5% efficiency and retains respectable performance after 50 h in 58% relative humidity than conventional expensive 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1614-6832</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-6840</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201703007</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Weinheim: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Aniline ; anthanthrone dye ; Dopants ; Drying ; Dyes ; Energy conversion efficiency ; high efficiency ; high stability ; low‐cost hole transporting materials ; Molecular chains ; perovskite solar cells ; Perovskites ; Photoelectric effect ; Photoelectric emission ; Photovoltaic cells ; Protective coatings ; Solar cells ; Stability ; Titanium dioxide ; Transport</subject><ispartof>Advanced energy materials, 2018-06, Vol.8 (16), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2018 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. 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The newly developed HTMs are systematically compared with the conventional 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD). ACE‐ANT‐ACE and TPA‐ANT‐TPA are used as a dopant‐free HTM in mesoscopic TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM solid‐state PSCs, and the performance as well as stability are compared with Spiro‐OMeTAD‐based PSCs. After extensive optimization of the metal oxide scaffold and device processing conditions, dopant‐free novel TPA‐ANT‐TPA HTM‐based PSC devices achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.5% with negligible hysteresis. An impressive current of 21 mA cm−2 is also confirmed from photocurrent density with a higher fill factor of 0.79. The obtained PCE of 17.5% utilizing TPA‐ANT‐TPA is higher performance than the devices prepared using doped Spiro‐OMeTAD (16.8%) as hole transport layer at 1 sun condition. It is found that doping of LiTFSI salt increases hygroscopic characteristics in Spiro‐OMeTAD; this leads to the fast degradation of solar cells. While, solar cells prepared using undoped TPA‐ANT‐TPA show dewetting and improved stability. Additionally, the new HTMs form a fully homogeneous and completely covering thin film on the surface of the active light absorbing perovskite layers that acts as a protective coating for underlying perovskite films. This breakthrough paves the way for development of new inexpensive, more stable, and highly efficient ANT core based lower cost HTMs for cost‐effective, conventional, and printable PSCs. First time low‐cost anthanthrone dye based hole transporting materials (HTMs) 4,10‐bis(1,2‐dihydroacenaphthylen‐5‐yl)‐6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene (ACE‐ANT‐ACE) and 4,4′‐(6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene‐4,10‐diyl)bis(N,N‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline) (TPA‐ANT‐TPA) end capped with dihydroacenaphthylene and triphenyleamine groups are designed and synthesized, respectively. 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The newly developed HTMs are systematically compared with the conventional 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD). ACE‐ANT‐ACE and TPA‐ANT‐TPA are used as a dopant‐free HTM in mesoscopic TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM solid‐state PSCs, and the performance as well as stability are compared with Spiro‐OMeTAD‐based PSCs. After extensive optimization of the metal oxide scaffold and device processing conditions, dopant‐free novel TPA‐ANT‐TPA HTM‐based PSC devices achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.5% with negligible hysteresis. An impressive current of 21 mA cm−2 is also confirmed from photocurrent density with a higher fill factor of 0.79. The obtained PCE of 17.5% utilizing TPA‐ANT‐TPA is higher performance than the devices prepared using doped Spiro‐OMeTAD (16.8%) as hole transport layer at 1 sun condition. It is found that doping of LiTFSI salt increases hygroscopic characteristics in Spiro‐OMeTAD; this leads to the fast degradation of solar cells. While, solar cells prepared using undoped TPA‐ANT‐TPA show dewetting and improved stability. Additionally, the new HTMs form a fully homogeneous and completely covering thin film on the surface of the active light absorbing perovskite layers that acts as a protective coating for underlying perovskite films. This breakthrough paves the way for development of new inexpensive, more stable, and highly efficient ANT core based lower cost HTMs for cost‐effective, conventional, and printable PSCs. First time low‐cost anthanthrone dye based hole transporting materials (HTMs) 4,10‐bis(1,2‐dihydroacenaphthylen‐5‐yl)‐6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene (ACE‐ANT‐ACE) and 4,4′‐(6,12‐bis(octyloxy)‐6,12‐dihydronaphtho[7,8,1,2,3‐nopqr]tetraphene‐4,10‐diyl)bis(N,N‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline) (TPA‐ANT‐TPA) end capped with dihydroacenaphthylene and triphenyleamine groups are designed and synthesized, respectively. Among both, dopant‐free TPA‐ANT‐TPA cut‐rate HTM ($67 g−1) exhibits higher performance with 17.5% efficiency and retains respectable performance after 50 h in 58% relative humidity than conventional expensive 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene.</abstract><cop>Weinheim</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/aenm.201703007</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-4897</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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ispartof Advanced energy materials, 2018-06, Vol.8 (16), p.n/a
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1614-6840
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recordid cdi_proquest_journals_2049910745
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subjects Aniline
anthanthrone dye
Dopants
Drying
Dyes
Energy conversion efficiency
high efficiency
high stability
low‐cost hole transporting materials
Molecular chains
perovskite solar cells
Perovskites
Photoelectric effect
Photoelectric emission
Photovoltaic cells
Protective coatings
Solar cells
Stability
Titanium dioxide
Transport
title Molecular Engineering Using an Anthanthrone Dye for Low‐Cost Hole Transport Materials: A Strategy for Dopant‐Free, High‐Efficiency, and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
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