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Spatially Variable Geothermal Heat Flux in West Antarctica: Evidence and Implications
Geothermal heat flux (GHF) is an important part of the basal heat budget of continental ice sheets. The difficulty of measuring GHF below ice sheets has directly hindered progress in the understanding of ice sheet dynamics. We present a new GHF measurement from below the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, ma...
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| Published in: | Geophysical research letters 2017-10, Vol.44 (19), p.9823-9832 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a4339-5de69be42e25d8dc0034ec552e863f03c40027ff7a4662390063353be63b3bcf3 |
| container_end_page | 9832 |
| container_issue | 19 |
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| container_title | Geophysical research letters |
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| creator | Begeman, Carolyn Branecky Tulaczyk, Slawek M. Fisher, Andrew T. |
| description | Geothermal heat flux (GHF) is an important part of the basal heat budget of continental ice sheets. The difficulty of measuring GHF below ice sheets has directly hindered progress in the understanding of ice sheet dynamics. We present a new GHF measurement from below the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, made in subglacial sediment near the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stream. The measured GHF is 88 ± 7 mW m−2, a relatively high value compared to other continental settings and to other GHF measurements along the eastern Ross Sea of 55 mW m−2 and 69 ± 21 mW m−2 but within the range of regional values indicated by geophysical estimates. The new GHF measurement was made ~100 km from the only other direct GHF measurement below the ice sheet, which was considerably higher at 285 ± 80 mW m−2, suggesting spatial variability that could be explained by shallow magmatic intrusions or the advection of heat by crustal fluids. Analytical calculations suggest that spatial variability in GHF exceeds spatial variability in the conductive heat flux through ice along the Siple Coast. Accurate GHF measurements and high‐resolution GHF models may be necessary to reliably predict ice sheet evolution, including responses to ongoing and future climate change.
Key Points
Measured geothermal flux at the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stream is 88 ± 7 mW m−2, higher than the average continental flux
West Antarctica exhibits high spatial variability in geothermal flux, consistent with local magmatic intrusions or crustal fluid advection
Spatial variability in geothermal flux exceeds spatial variability in the conductive heat flux through ice along the Siple Coast |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/2017GL075579 |
| format | article |
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Key Points
Measured geothermal flux at the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stream is 88 ± 7 mW m−2, higher than the average continental flux
West Antarctica exhibits high spatial variability in geothermal flux, consistent with local magmatic intrusions or crustal fluid advection
Spatial variability in geothermal flux exceeds spatial variability in the conductive heat flux through ice along the Siple Coast</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/2017GL075579</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Advection ; Antarctic ice sheet ; Climate change ; Computational fluid dynamics ; cryosphere ; Dynamics ; Evolution ; Fluctuations ; Fluids ; Future climates ; Geophysics ; geothermal ; Geothermal power ; Glaciation ; Heat ; Heat budget ; Heat flux ; Heat transfer ; Ice ; Ice sheet dynamics ; Ice sheets ; ice stream ; Measurement ; Sea level ; Spatial variability ; Spatial variations ; Variability ; West Antarctic Ice Sheet ; WISSARD</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2017-10, Vol.44 (19), p.9823-9832</ispartof><rights>2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a4339-5de69be42e25d8dc0034ec552e863f03c40027ff7a4662390063353be63b3bcf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a4339-5de69be42e25d8dc0034ec552e863f03c40027ff7a4662390063353be63b3bcf3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2102-8320 ; 0000-0002-9711-4332 ; 0000-0001-9828-1741</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2F2017GL075579$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2F2017GL075579$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,11541,27957,27958,46503,46927,50923,51032</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Begeman, Carolyn Branecky</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tulaczyk, Slawek M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fisher, Andrew T.</creatorcontrib><title>Spatially Variable Geothermal Heat Flux in West Antarctica: Evidence and Implications</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><description>Geothermal heat flux (GHF) is an important part of the basal heat budget of continental ice sheets. The difficulty of measuring GHF below ice sheets has directly hindered progress in the understanding of ice sheet dynamics. We present a new GHF measurement from below the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, made in subglacial sediment near the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stream. The measured GHF is 88 ± 7 mW m−2, a relatively high value compared to other continental settings and to other GHF measurements along the eastern Ross Sea of 55 mW m−2 and 69 ± 21 mW m−2 but within the range of regional values indicated by geophysical estimates. The new GHF measurement was made ~100 km from the only other direct GHF measurement below the ice sheet, which was considerably higher at 285 ± 80 mW m−2, suggesting spatial variability that could be explained by shallow magmatic intrusions or the advection of heat by crustal fluids. Analytical calculations suggest that spatial variability in GHF exceeds spatial variability in the conductive heat flux through ice along the Siple Coast. Accurate GHF measurements and high‐resolution GHF models may be necessary to reliably predict ice sheet evolution, including responses to ongoing and future climate change.
Key Points
Measured geothermal flux at the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stream is 88 ± 7 mW m−2, higher than the average continental flux
West Antarctica exhibits high spatial variability in geothermal flux, consistent with local magmatic intrusions or crustal fluid advection
Spatial variability in geothermal flux exceeds spatial variability in the conductive heat flux through ice along the Siple Coast</description><subject>Advection</subject><subject>Antarctic ice sheet</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Computational fluid dynamics</subject><subject>cryosphere</subject><subject>Dynamics</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Fluctuations</subject><subject>Fluids</subject><subject>Future climates</subject><subject>Geophysics</subject><subject>geothermal</subject><subject>Geothermal power</subject><subject>Glaciation</subject><subject>Heat</subject><subject>Heat budget</subject><subject>Heat flux</subject><subject>Heat transfer</subject><subject>Ice</subject><subject>Ice sheet dynamics</subject><subject>Ice sheets</subject><subject>ice stream</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>Sea level</subject><subject>Spatial variability</subject><subject>Spatial variations</subject><subject>Variability</subject><subject>West Antarctic Ice Sheet</subject><subject>WISSARD</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE9Lw0AQxRdRsFZvfoAFr0Zn_ybrrRSbFgKCWj2GzWaDW7ZJ3KRqv70r9eDJ0zyGH_PePIQuCdwQAHpLgaR5AakQqTpCE6I4TzKA9BhNAFTUNJWn6GwYNgDAgJEJWj_1enTa-z1-0cHpyluc2258s2GrPV5aPeKF331h1-JXO4x41o46mNEZfYfvP1xtW2Oxbmu82vY-bkfXtcM5Omm0H-zF75yi9eL-eb5Miod8NZ8VieaMqUTUVqrKcmqpqLPaxFDcGiGozSRrgBkev0qbJtVcSsoUgGRMsMpKVrHKNGyKrg53-9C972K8ctPtQhstS6KEJJQDl5G6PlAmdMMQbFP2wW112JcEyp_iyr_FRZwe8E_n7f5ftswfCyF5ptg3blFtVw</recordid><startdate>20171016</startdate><enddate>20171016</enddate><creator>Begeman, Carolyn Branecky</creator><creator>Tulaczyk, Slawek M.</creator><creator>Fisher, Andrew T.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2102-8320</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9711-4332</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-1741</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20171016</creationdate><title>Spatially Variable Geothermal Heat Flux in West Antarctica: Evidence and Implications</title><author>Begeman, Carolyn Branecky ; Tulaczyk, Slawek M. ; Fisher, Andrew T.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a4339-5de69be42e25d8dc0034ec552e863f03c40027ff7a4662390063353be63b3bcf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Advection</topic><topic>Antarctic ice sheet</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Computational fluid dynamics</topic><topic>cryosphere</topic><topic>Dynamics</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Fluctuations</topic><topic>Fluids</topic><topic>Future climates</topic><topic>Geophysics</topic><topic>geothermal</topic><topic>Geothermal power</topic><topic>Glaciation</topic><topic>Heat</topic><topic>Heat budget</topic><topic>Heat flux</topic><topic>Heat transfer</topic><topic>Ice</topic><topic>Ice sheet dynamics</topic><topic>Ice sheets</topic><topic>ice stream</topic><topic>Measurement</topic><topic>Sea level</topic><topic>Spatial variability</topic><topic>Spatial variations</topic><topic>Variability</topic><topic>West Antarctic Ice Sheet</topic><topic>WISSARD</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Begeman, Carolyn Branecky</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tulaczyk, Slawek M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fisher, Andrew T.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Begeman, Carolyn Branecky</au><au>Tulaczyk, Slawek M.</au><au>Fisher, Andrew T.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Spatially Variable Geothermal Heat Flux in West Antarctica: Evidence and Implications</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><date>2017-10-16</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>9823</spage><epage>9832</epage><pages>9823-9832</pages><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><abstract>Geothermal heat flux (GHF) is an important part of the basal heat budget of continental ice sheets. The difficulty of measuring GHF below ice sheets has directly hindered progress in the understanding of ice sheet dynamics. We present a new GHF measurement from below the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, made in subglacial sediment near the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stream. The measured GHF is 88 ± 7 mW m−2, a relatively high value compared to other continental settings and to other GHF measurements along the eastern Ross Sea of 55 mW m−2 and 69 ± 21 mW m−2 but within the range of regional values indicated by geophysical estimates. The new GHF measurement was made ~100 km from the only other direct GHF measurement below the ice sheet, which was considerably higher at 285 ± 80 mW m−2, suggesting spatial variability that could be explained by shallow magmatic intrusions or the advection of heat by crustal fluids. Analytical calculations suggest that spatial variability in GHF exceeds spatial variability in the conductive heat flux through ice along the Siple Coast. Accurate GHF measurements and high‐resolution GHF models may be necessary to reliably predict ice sheet evolution, including responses to ongoing and future climate change.
Key Points
Measured geothermal flux at the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stream is 88 ± 7 mW m−2, higher than the average continental flux
West Antarctica exhibits high spatial variability in geothermal flux, consistent with local magmatic intrusions or crustal fluid advection
Spatial variability in geothermal flux exceeds spatial variability in the conductive heat flux through ice along the Siple Coast</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/2017GL075579</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2102-8320</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9711-4332</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-1741</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0094-8276 |
| ispartof | Geophysical research letters, 2017-10, Vol.44 (19), p.9823-9832 |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_1956124046 |
| source | Wiley; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library |
| subjects | Advection Antarctic ice sheet Climate change Computational fluid dynamics cryosphere Dynamics Evolution Fluctuations Fluids Future climates Geophysics geothermal Geothermal power Glaciation Heat Heat budget Heat flux Heat transfer Ice Ice sheet dynamics Ice sheets ice stream Measurement Sea level Spatial variability Spatial variations Variability West Antarctic Ice Sheet WISSARD |
| title | Spatially Variable Geothermal Heat Flux in West Antarctica: Evidence and Implications |
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