Association between indigenous status and Body Mass Index (BMI) in Australian adults: Does sleep duration affect the relationship?

Overweight/obesity is a well-defined risk factor for a variety of chronic cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Sleep duration has been associated with overweight/obesity and other cardio metabolic and neurocognitive problems. Notably, overweight/obesity and many of the associated comorbidities are...

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Published in:	PloS one 2022-02, Vol.17 (2), p.e0263233-e0263233
Main Authors:	Deacon-Crouch, Melissa, Skinner, Isabelle, Tucci, Joseph, Begg, Steve, Wallace, Ruth, Skinner, Timothy
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adolescent Adults Australia - epidemiology Biology and Life Sciences Body mass Body Mass Index Body size Body weight Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool Chronic illnesses Cognition Exercise Female Health aspects Health risks Humans Indigenous peoples Indigenous Peoples - statistics & numerical data Infant Infant, Newborn Life Style Male Medicine and Health Sciences Metabolic disorders Middle Aged Native peoples Obesity Obesity - epidemiology Obesity - physiopathology Overweight Overweight - epidemiology Overweight - physiopathology People and places Physical activity Physical fitness Physiological aspects Regression analysis Risk analysis Risk factors Sleep Sleep - physiology Social Sciences Socioeconomic Factors Socioeconomics Statistical analysis Statistical methods Time Factors Variance analysis
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Summary:	Overweight/obesity is a well-defined risk factor for a variety of chronic cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Sleep duration has been associated with overweight/obesity and other cardio metabolic and neurocognitive problems. Notably, overweight/obesity and many of the associated comorbidities are prevalent in Indigenous Australians. Generally, sleep duration has been associated with BMI for Australian adults but information about Australian Indigenous adults' sleep is scant. A recent report established that sleep is a weak predictor of obesity for Indigenous Australian adults. To determine whether sleep remains a predictor of obesity when physical activity, diet and smoking status are accounted for; and to determine whether sleep duration plays a mediating role in the relationship between Indigenous status and BMI. Statistical analyses of 5,886 Australian adults: 5236 non-Indigenous and 650 Indigenous people aged over 18 years who participated in the Australian Health Survey 2011-2013. Demographic and lifestyle characteristics were described by χ2 and t-tests. ANOVA was used to determine the variables that significantly predicted BMI and sleep duration. Stepwise regression analyses were performed to determine the strongest significant predictors of BMI. Sleep duration was self-reported; BMI was calculated from measurement. The study revealed two main findings: (i) short sleep duration was an independent predictor of obesity (adjusted-R2 = 0.056, p
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203