Relationship between Stage of Chronic Kidney Disease and Sarcopenia in Korean Aged 40 Years and Older Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES IV-2, 3, and V-1, 2), 2008-2011

Protein-energy wasting is common in patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, few studies have examined the relationship between early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sarcopenia. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on data in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examinati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2015-06, Vol.10 (6), p.e0130740-e0130740
Main Authors: Moon, Sung Jin, Kim, Tae Ho, Yoon, Soo Young, Chung, Jae Ho, Hwang, Hee-Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorptiometry, Photon
Adult
Adults
Age
Aged
Aging
Blood pressure
Body mass
Body Mass Index
Body size
Body weight
Chronic illnesses
Chronic kidney failure
Correlation
Correlation analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
End-stage renal disease
Epidermal growth factor receptors
Exercise
Female
Gender
Geriatrics
Health surveys
Hospitals
Humans
Insulin resistance
Internal medicine
Kidney diseases
Kidneys
Male
Medicine
Men
Metabolic syndrome
Middle Aged
Muscles
Musculoskeletal system
Nutrition
Nutrition Surveys
Obesity
Older people
Patients
Physical activity
Polls & surveys
Population
Prevalence
Proteins
Regression analysis
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - pathology
Republic of Korea - epidemiology
Sarcopenia
Sarcopenia - diagnosis
Sarcopenia - epidemiology
Sarcopenia - etiology
Skeletal muscle
Statistical analysis
Surveys
Time Factors
Values
Vitamin D
Walking
Young adults
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Summary:Protein-energy wasting is common in patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, few studies have examined the relationship between early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sarcopenia. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on data in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2011. In total, 11,625 subjects aged 40 years or older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined based on values of appendicular skeletal muscle mass as a percentage of body weight (ASM/Wt) two standard deviations below the gender-specific mean for young adults. Estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were calculated using the CKD-EPI equation. Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and HOMA-IR were higher and caloric intake, physical activity, and vitamin D level were lower in the sarcopenia groups in both men and women. As the stage of CKD increased, the prevalence of sarcopenia increased, even in the early stages of CKD (normal and CKD1, 2, and 3-5: 2.6%, 5.6%, and 18.1% in men and 5.3%, 7.1%, and 12.6% in women, respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, a correlation analysis showed that GFR and ASM/Wt had significant correlations in both men and women. Logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for age, BMI, caloric intake, log(physical activity), vitamin D level, and log(HOMA-IR), showed that the odds ratio for sarcopenia with respect to CKD 3-5 was 1.93 (95% CI = 1.02-3.68) in men but was not statistically significant in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in elderly Korean patients with even mildly reduced kidney function. Stage of CKD was associated with an increased prevalence of sarcopenia in men but not women. Thus, we should evaluate the risk of sarcopenia and work to prevent it, even in patients with early CKD.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0130740