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On the Hunt for the Origins of the Orphan–Chenab Stream: Detailed Element Abundances with APOGEE and Gaia

Abstract Stellar streams in the Galactic halo are useful probes of the assembly of galaxies like the Milky Way. Many tidal stellar streams that have been found in recent years are accompanied by a known progenitor globular cluster or dwarf galaxy. However, the Orphan–Chenab (OC) stream is one case w...

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Published in:The Astrophysical journal 2023-05, Vol.948 (2), p.123
Main Authors: Hawkins, Keith, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Sheffield, Allyson A., Subrahimovic, Aidan Z., Beaton, Rachael L., Belokurov, Vasily, Erkal, Denis, Koposov, Sergey E., Lane, Richard R., Laporte, Chervin F. P., Nitschelm, Christian
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-8d0520d08139152913ab8eb24723e8be3f3b507f5d29b21ae097dfe7a35a824b3
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-8d0520d08139152913ab8eb24723e8be3f3b507f5d29b21ae097dfe7a35a824b3
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container_issue 2
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container_title The Astrophysical journal
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creator Hawkins, Keith
Price-Whelan, Adrian M.
Sheffield, Allyson A.
Subrahimovic, Aidan Z.
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Belokurov, Vasily
Erkal, Denis
Koposov, Sergey E.
Lane, Richard R.
Laporte, Chervin F. P.
Nitschelm, Christian
description Abstract Stellar streams in the Galactic halo are useful probes of the assembly of galaxies like the Milky Way. Many tidal stellar streams that have been found in recent years are accompanied by a known progenitor globular cluster or dwarf galaxy. However, the Orphan–Chenab (OC) stream is one case where a relatively narrow stream of stars has been found without a known progenitor. In an effort to find the parent of the OC stream, we use astrometry from the early third data release of ESA’s Gaia mission (Gaia EDR3) and radial velocity information from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey to find up to 13 stars that are likely members of the OC stream. We use the APOGEE survey to study the chemical nature (for up to 10 stars) of the OC stream in the α (O, Mg, Ca, Si, Ti, and S), odd- Z (Al, K, and V), Fe-peak (Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, and Cr), and neutron-capture (Ce) elemental groups. We find that the stars that make up the OC stream are not consistent with a monometallic population and have a median metallicity of −1.92 dex with a dispersion of 0.28 dex. Our results also indicate that the α elements are depleted compared to the known Milky Way populations and that its [Mg/Al] abundance ratio is not consistent with second-generation stars from globular clusters. The detailed chemical pattern of these stars, namely the [ α /Fe]–[Fe/H] plane and the metallicity distribution, indicates that the OC stream progenitor is very likely to be a dwarf spheroidal galaxy with a mass of ∼10 6 M ⊙ .
doi_str_mv 10.3847/1538-4357/acb698
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P.</au><au>Nitschelm, Christian</au><aucorp>Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>On the Hunt for the Origins of the Orphan–Chenab Stream: Detailed Element Abundances with APOGEE and Gaia</atitle><jtitle>The Astrophysical journal</jtitle><stitle>APJ</stitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J</addtitle><date>2023-05-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>948</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>123</spage><pages>123-</pages><issn>0004-637X</issn><eissn>1538-4357</eissn><notes>AAS39764</notes><notes>Stars and Stellar Physics</notes><notes>NA0003843; AST-1907417; AST-2108736; PHY-1607611</notes><notes>National Science Foundation (NSF)</notes><notes>USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)</notes><abstract>Abstract Stellar streams in the Galactic halo are useful probes of the assembly of galaxies like the Milky Way. Many tidal stellar streams that have been found in recent years are accompanied by a known progenitor globular cluster or dwarf galaxy. However, the Orphan–Chenab (OC) stream is one case where a relatively narrow stream of stars has been found without a known progenitor. In an effort to find the parent of the OC stream, we use astrometry from the early third data release of ESA’s Gaia mission (Gaia EDR3) and radial velocity information from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey to find up to 13 stars that are likely members of the OC stream. We use the APOGEE survey to study the chemical nature (for up to 10 stars) of the OC stream in the α (O, Mg, Ca, Si, Ti, and S), odd- Z (Al, K, and V), Fe-peak (Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, and Cr), and neutron-capture (Ce) elemental groups. 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subjects Abundance
Aluminum
Apogees
Astrometry
Astronomy & Astrophysics
ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Astrophysics
Chemical abundances
Dwarf galaxies
Galactic evolution
Galactic halos
Globular clusters
Iron
Magnesium
Manganese
Metallicity
Milky Way
Nuclear capture
Radial velocity
Silicon
Sky surveys (astronomy)
Spheroidal galaxies
Stars
Stars & galaxies
Stellar abundances
Stellar streams
Titanium
title On the Hunt for the Origins of the Orphan–Chenab Stream: Detailed Element Abundances with APOGEE and Gaia
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