Shear mode M3 in the first sites of ductile metallic alloys: Some considerations on the physical mechanisms leading to internal particle flows

This paper examines plastic mechanisms that lead to damage to the sub-surfaces of ductile metallic contact areas and, by extension, to the creation of wear particles. The word “damage” is used here as a generic term to designate all topological, morphological and/or microstructural modifications to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wear 2019-04, Vol.426-427 (Part B), p.1152-1162
Main Authors: Boher, C., Vidal, V., Cabrol, E., Berthier, Y., Rezai-Aria, F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloys
Bamboo
Chemical composition
Coatings
Cobalt base alloys
Deformation mechanisms
Dislocation mobility
Ductile alloys
Engineering Sciences
Friction
Gliding
Interfacial shear stresses
Internal flow
Martensitic stainless steels
Mathematical morphology
Mechanisms of plasticity
Microstructure
Organic chemistry
Phase transitions
Plastic deformation
Plastic properties
Shear Mode M3
Shear strain
Stacking fault energy
Steel
Third‐Body
Tribology
Tribometers
Wear mechanisms
Wear particles
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Summary:This paper examines plastic mechanisms that lead to damage to the sub-surfaces of ductile metallic contact areas and, by extension, to the creation of wear particles. The word “damage” is used here as a generic term to designate all topological, morphological and/or microstructural modifications to the surfaces that are the consequence of interfacial shear stress under friction. During friction, the accommodation mechanisms of plastic deformation by the M3 mode in the contact area can be different, depending on the microstructures of the alloy and the first sites (bulk materials). For example, for tempered martensitic steels under frictional stresses, plasticity strain occurs in Tribologically Transformed Surfaces (TTS) under dislocation gliding. The creation of new dislocations and the rearrangement of all these dislocations into a “bamboo”-type structure leads to a decrease in hardness, or softening of the steel. Otherwise, depending on the stacking fault energy in alloy microstructures, plasticity may occur through mechanisms involving either perfect dislocation gliding and/or partial dislocation gliding. In addition to hardening, the mobility and morphology of dislocations are also related to stacking fault energy, which can promote phase transformation leading to shear strain in TTS. These shear strain mechanisms have a great influence on the internal flow of wear particles and on the formation of the “Third-body layers”. These findings are given in a review of tribological results of measurements carried out on a wrought X38CrMoV5 grade steel and on cobalt-base thick coatings, using tribometers, under various loadings, test temperatures and sliding speeds. The cobalt-base thick coatings are deposited on steel by several processes which modify the nominal chemical composition of the cobalt alloy and make it possible to study the influence of the iron content on shear strain under friction stresses. •Explanation of the physical mechanisms of plasticity in some Tribologically Transformed Surfaces (TTS).•Physical interpretation of the shear mode M3 (Third-Body concept).•Examples that explain the accommodation of the shear mode M3 in the TTS. It is supported by several mechanisms of plasticity such as softening, strain-hardening, phase transformation and recrystallization.
ISSN:0043-1648
1873-2577
DOI:10.1016/j.wear.2018.12.082