Citrulline induces fatty acid release selectively in visceral adipose tissue from old rats

SCOPE: During aging, increased visceral adipose tissue (AT) mass may result in impaired metabolic status. A citrulline (CIT)‐supplemented diet reduces AT mass in old rats. We hypothesized that CIT could directly affect fatty acid (FA) metabolism in retroperitoneal AT. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 24‐h exp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular nutrition & food research 2014-09, Vol.58 (9), p.1765-1775
Main Authors: Joffin, Nolwenn, Jaubert, Anne‐Marie, Durant, Sylvie, Bastin, Jean, De Bandt, Jean‐Pascal, Cynober, Luc, Moinard, Christophe, Forest, Claude, Noirez, Philippe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes - drug effects
Adipose tissue
Age Factors
Aging
Animals
beta oxidation
Biological and medical sciences
carnitine
Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase - genetics
Cells, Cultured
Citrulline
Citrulline - pharmacology
diet
elderly
Endocrinology and metabolism
explants
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Food and Nutrition
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene expression
gene expression regulation
Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
glycerol
Glyceroneogenesis
Human health and pathology
Inflammation - genetics
Intra-Abdominal Fat - drug effects
Intra-Abdominal Fat - metabolism
Life Sciences
Male
Organ Culture Techniques
Oxidation-Reduction
PPAR gamma - genetics
rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:SCOPE: During aging, increased visceral adipose tissue (AT) mass may result in impaired metabolic status. A citrulline (CIT)‐supplemented diet reduces AT mass in old rats. We hypothesized that CIT could directly affect fatty acid (FA) metabolism in retroperitoneal AT. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 24‐h exposure of AT explants from old (25 months) rats to 2.5 mM CIT induced a 50% rise in glycerol and FA release, which was not observed in explants from young (2 months) animals. The phosphorylated form of hormone‐sensitive lipase, a key lipolytic enzyme, was 1.5‐fold higher in CIT‐treated explants from old and young rats, whereas glyceroneogenesis, that provides glycerol‐3P requested for FA re‐esterification, and its key enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, were down‐regulated 40–70%. Specifically in young rats, beta‐oxidation capacity and gene expressions of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1‐b and very long chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase were strongly up‐regulated by CIT. In contrast, in old rats, while glyceroneogenesis was lower, beta‐oxidation was not affected, enabling increased FA release. CONCLUSION: Hence, in visceral AT, CIT exerts a specific induction of the beta‐oxidation capacity in young rats and a selective stimulation of FA release in old rats, therefore providing a direct mechanism of CIT action to reduce AT mass.
ISSN:1613-4125
1613-4133
DOI:10.1002/mnfr.201400053