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The influence of multiple industries on the behaviour of breeding gulls from four colonies across the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada
Opportunist gulls use anthropogenic food subsidies, which can bolster populations, but negatively influence sensitive local ecosystems and areas of human settlement. In the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, breeding herring gulls Larus argentatus have access to resources from aquaculture, fisheries and...
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| Published in: | Wildlife biology 2021-06, Vol.2021 (2), p.wlb.00804-13 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b4407-f14b21a01af70921f927950bca0f675808fce54119ecd42023dc8a03b92e66f03 |
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| container_start_page | wlb.00804 |
| container_title | Wildlife biology |
| container_volume | 2021 |
| creator | Gutowsky, Sarah E Studholme, Katharine R Ronconi, Robert A Allard, Karel A Shlepr, Katherine Diamond, Anthony W McIntyre, Jessie Craik, Shawn R Mallory, Mark L |
| description | Opportunist gulls use anthropogenic food subsidies, which can bolster populations, but negatively influence sensitive local ecosystems and areas of human settlement. In the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, breeding herring gulls Larus argentatus have access to resources from aquaculture, fisheries and mink farms, but the relative influence of industry on local gull populations is unknown. Our objectives were to 1) assess use of natural and anthropogenic habitats by herring gulls from multiple colonies, 2) evaluate variation among colonies in use of distinct resource types within these habitats and 3) highlight areas of high gull:industry interaction. Using GPS devices on 39 gulls from four colonies, we identified visitation behaviour (slow, localized movements) and assigned visits to nine resource types. To evaluate the spatial distribution of visits, we created a use intensity index, reflecting both fidelity (i.e. repeated visits) and time spent in specific areas. All four anthropogenic resource types were heavily used (56 ± 11% of visiting time across colonies), notably, fish plants and mink farms. Despite large distances among three colonies, birds overlapped at particular distant, inland mink farms. In contrast, birds from close colonies overlapped in visitation to specific nearby resources (e.g. fish plants and human settlement), and otherwise diverged in distribution and use of offshore and coastal areas. Birds from three colonies also made frequent, long visits to uninhabited islands. Industry is clearly influencing the behaviour of breeding gulls in the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, where birds are travelling great distances or spending large proportions of time interacting with anthropogenic resources, while otherwise paying lengthy visits to nearby coastal islands. Studies have shown that concentrations of gulls can have harmful direct and indirect ecological and societal impacts. Our findings have implications for the management and regulation of industry to mitigate detrimental effects on local ecosystems and humans. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2981/wlb.00804 |
| format | article |
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In the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, breeding herring gulls Larus argentatus have access to resources from aquaculture, fisheries and mink farms, but the relative influence of industry on local gull populations is unknown. Our objectives were to 1) assess use of natural and anthropogenic habitats by herring gulls from multiple colonies, 2) evaluate variation among colonies in use of distinct resource types within these habitats and 3) highlight areas of high gull:industry interaction. Using GPS devices on 39 gulls from four colonies, we identified visitation behaviour (slow, localized movements) and assigned visits to nine resource types. To evaluate the spatial distribution of visits, we created a use intensity index, reflecting both fidelity (i.e. repeated visits) and time spent in specific areas. All four anthropogenic resource types were heavily used (56 ± 11% of visiting time across colonies), notably, fish plants and mink farms. Despite large distances among three colonies, birds overlapped at particular distant, inland mink farms. In contrast, birds from close colonies overlapped in visitation to specific nearby resources (e.g. fish plants and human settlement), and otherwise diverged in distribution and use of offshore and coastal areas. Birds from three colonies also made frequent, long visits to uninhabited islands. Industry is clearly influencing the behaviour of breeding gulls in the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, where birds are travelling great distances or spending large proportions of time interacting with anthropogenic resources, while otherwise paying lengthy visits to nearby coastal islands. Studies have shown that concentrations of gulls can have harmful direct and indirect ecological and societal impacts. 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In the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, breeding herring gulls Larus argentatus have access to resources from aquaculture, fisheries and mink farms, but the relative influence of industry on local gull populations is unknown. Our objectives were to 1) assess use of natural and anthropogenic habitats by herring gulls from multiple colonies, 2) evaluate variation among colonies in use of distinct resource types within these habitats and 3) highlight areas of high gull:industry interaction. Using GPS devices on 39 gulls from four colonies, we identified visitation behaviour (slow, localized movements) and assigned visits to nine resource types. To evaluate the spatial distribution of visits, we created a use intensity index, reflecting both fidelity (i.e. repeated visits) and time spent in specific areas. All four anthropogenic resource types were heavily used (56 ± 11% of visiting time across colonies), notably, fish plants and mink farms. Despite large distances among three colonies, birds overlapped at particular distant, inland mink farms. In contrast, birds from close colonies overlapped in visitation to specific nearby resources (e.g. fish plants and human settlement), and otherwise diverged in distribution and use of offshore and coastal areas. Birds from three colonies also made frequent, long visits to uninhabited islands. Industry is clearly influencing the behaviour of breeding gulls in the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, where birds are travelling great distances or spending large proportions of time interacting with anthropogenic resources, while otherwise paying lengthy visits to nearby coastal islands. Studies have shown that concentrations of gulls can have harmful direct and indirect ecological and societal impacts. Our findings have implications for the management and regulation of industry to mitigate detrimental effects on local ecosystems and humans.</description><subject>animal husbandry</subject><subject>anthropogenic influence</subject><subject>aquaculture</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>fish processing</subject><subject>Gulls</subject><subject>Human beings</subject><subject>Influence on nature</subject><subject>movement ecology</subject><subject>seabirds</subject><subject>urban</subject><issn>0909-6396</issn><issn>1903-220X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUFrFDEUx4MouFYPfoOABxGc9SUzO5kc28XWwoqgFb2FTOZlG8kkJZmx9uwXN7PrpVAlh8DL7_dekj8hLxmsuezYu1vfrwE6aB6RFZNQV5zD98dkBRJk1dayfUqe5fwDoGk2nViR31fXSF2wfsZgkEZLx9lP7sYv1WHOU3KYaQx0KlyP1_qni3NauD4hDi7s6X72PlOb4kjtcmaij2GxtEkx54OJOk-YAr2YvV3kj9oFfEu3OuhBPydPrPYZX_zdT8jX8_dX2w_V7tPF5fZ0V_VNA6KyrOk508C0FSA5s5ILuYHeaLCt2HTQWYObhjGJZmg48HownYa6lxzb1kJ9Ql4d--61R1UeHaekzeiyUaet4JyJlrFCrR-gyhpwdCYGtK7U7wlv7gmFmfDXtNdzzuryy-cH2cPXJLTqJrlRpzvFQC0BqhKgOgRYWH5kb8vAu3-D6tvurD47BxCNKNLro9S7WO76n_Z_ANseqWk</recordid><startdate>20210601</startdate><enddate>20210601</enddate><creator>Gutowsky, Sarah E</creator><creator>Studholme, Katharine R</creator><creator>Ronconi, Robert A</creator><creator>Allard, Karel A</creator><creator>Shlepr, Katherine</creator><creator>Diamond, Anthony W</creator><creator>McIntyre, Jessie</creator><creator>Craik, Shawn R</creator><creator>Mallory, Mark L</creator><general>Nordic Board for Wildlife Research</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2649-2747</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-8593</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2744-3437</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-4745</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-9365</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6046-5131</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-4744</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-7162</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210601</creationdate><title>The influence of multiple industries on the behaviour of breeding gulls from four colonies across the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada</title><author>Gutowsky, Sarah E ; Studholme, Katharine R ; Ronconi, Robert A ; Allard, Karel A ; Shlepr, Katherine ; Diamond, Anthony W ; McIntyre, Jessie ; Craik, Shawn R ; Mallory, Mark L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b4407-f14b21a01af70921f927950bca0f675808fce54119ecd42023dc8a03b92e66f03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>animal husbandry</topic><topic>anthropogenic influence</topic><topic>aquaculture</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Environmental aspects</topic><topic>fish processing</topic><topic>Gulls</topic><topic>Human beings</topic><topic>Influence on nature</topic><topic>movement ecology</topic><topic>seabirds</topic><topic>urban</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gutowsky, Sarah E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Studholme, Katharine R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ronconi, Robert A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allard, Karel A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shlepr, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diamond, Anthony W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McIntyre, Jessie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Craik, Shawn R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mallory, Mark L</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Collection</collection><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Backfiles</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><jtitle>Wildlife biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gutowsky, Sarah E</au><au>Studholme, Katharine R</au><au>Ronconi, Robert A</au><au>Allard, Karel A</au><au>Shlepr, Katherine</au><au>Diamond, Anthony W</au><au>McIntyre, Jessie</au><au>Craik, Shawn R</au><au>Mallory, Mark L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The influence of multiple industries on the behaviour of breeding gulls from four colonies across the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada</atitle><jtitle>Wildlife biology</jtitle><date>2021-06-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>2021</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>wlb.00804</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>wlb.00804-13</pages><issn>0909-6396</issn><eissn>1903-220X</eissn><notes>Subject Editor: Sonja Christine. Editor‐in‐Chief: Ilse Storch.</notes><abstract>Opportunist gulls use anthropogenic food subsidies, which can bolster populations, but negatively influence sensitive local ecosystems and areas of human settlement. In the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, breeding herring gulls Larus argentatus have access to resources from aquaculture, fisheries and mink farms, but the relative influence of industry on local gull populations is unknown. Our objectives were to 1) assess use of natural and anthropogenic habitats by herring gulls from multiple colonies, 2) evaluate variation among colonies in use of distinct resource types within these habitats and 3) highlight areas of high gull:industry interaction. Using GPS devices on 39 gulls from four colonies, we identified visitation behaviour (slow, localized movements) and assigned visits to nine resource types. To evaluate the spatial distribution of visits, we created a use intensity index, reflecting both fidelity (i.e. repeated visits) and time spent in specific areas. All four anthropogenic resource types were heavily used (56 ± 11% of visiting time across colonies), notably, fish plants and mink farms. Despite large distances among three colonies, birds overlapped at particular distant, inland mink farms. In contrast, birds from close colonies overlapped in visitation to specific nearby resources (e.g. fish plants and human settlement), and otherwise diverged in distribution and use of offshore and coastal areas. Birds from three colonies also made frequent, long visits to uninhabited islands. Industry is clearly influencing the behaviour of breeding gulls in the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, where birds are travelling great distances or spending large proportions of time interacting with anthropogenic resources, while otherwise paying lengthy visits to nearby coastal islands. Studies have shown that concentrations of gulls can have harmful direct and indirect ecological and societal impacts. Our findings have implications for the management and regulation of industry to mitigate detrimental effects on local ecosystems and humans.</abstract><pub>Nordic Board for Wildlife Research</pub><doi>10.2981/wlb.00804</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2649-2747</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-8593</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2744-3437</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-4745</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-9365</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6046-5131</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-4744</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-7162</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Wildlife biology, 2021-06, Vol.2021 (2), p.wlb.00804-13 |
| issn | 0909-6396 1903-220X |
| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Collection |
| subjects | animal husbandry anthropogenic influence aquaculture Behavior Environmental aspects fish processing Gulls Human beings Influence on nature movement ecology seabirds urban |
| title | The influence of multiple industries on the behaviour of breeding gulls from four colonies across the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada |
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