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Fatal Hepatic Sarcocystosis in a Captive Black Bear (Ursus Americanus) Associated with Sarcocystis Canis-Like Infection

Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis was diagnosed in a 13-year-old captive black bear (Ursus americanus) with a history of acute onset of vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, and bilirubinuria. Gross lesions included severe icterus, multisystemic hemorrhage, and gall bladder edema. The most significant microscop...

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Published in:	Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2011-03, Vol.23 (2), p.379-383
Main Authors:	Davies, Jennifer L., Haldorson, Gary J., Bradway, Dan S., Britton, Ann P.
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Animals DNA, Protozoan - chemistry DNA, Protozoan - genetics Fatal Outcome Liver Diseases, Parasitic - parasitology Liver Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary Male Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - chemistry RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics Sarcocystis - genetics Sarcocystis - isolation & purification Sarcocystosis - parasitology Sarcocystosis - veterinary Ursidae - parasitology
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description	Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis was diagnosed in a 13-year-old captive black bear (Ursus americanus) with a history of acute onset of vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, and bilirubinuria. Gross lesions included severe icterus, multisystemic hemorrhage, and gall bladder edema. The most significant microscopic lesion was severe necrotizing hepatitis with intralesional protozoa that reproduced by endopolygeny consistent with a Sarcocystis spp. Infrequent microglial nodules were randomly scattered within the white matter of the cerebral cortices, thalamus, and brainstem, but intralesional protozoal schizonts were not observed. In the liver, immunohistochemistry was positive for Sarcocystis spp. and negative for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. Positive staining was not observed in the brain. Genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of liver and brain; in both tissues, PCR was positive for Sarcocystis spp. Sequence analysis of the PCR amplicons revealed 100% identity to the published sequences of Sarcocystis canis and Sarcocystis arctosi.
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Gross lesions included severe icterus, multisystemic hemorrhage, and gall bladder edema. The most significant microscopic lesion was severe necrotizing hepatitis with intralesional protozoa that reproduced by endopolygeny consistent with a Sarcocystis spp. Infrequent microglial nodules were randomly scattered within the white matter of the cerebral cortices, thalamus, and brainstem, but intralesional protozoal schizonts were not observed. In the liver, immunohistochemistry was positive for Sarcocystis spp. and negative for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. Positive staining was not observed in the brain. Genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of liver and brain; in both tissues, PCR was positive for Sarcocystis spp. Sequence analysis of the PCR amplicons revealed 100% identity to the published sequences of Sarcocystis canis and Sarcocystis arctosi.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1040-6387</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-4936</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/104063871102300234</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21398469</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Animals ; DNA, Protozoan - chemistry ; DNA, Protozoan - genetics ; Fatal Outcome ; Liver Diseases, Parasitic - parasitology ; Liver Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - chemistry ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics ; Sarcocystis - genetics ; Sarcocystis - isolation & purification ; Sarcocystosis - parasitology ; Sarcocystosis - veterinary ; Ursidae - parasitology</subject><ispartof>Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation, 2011-03, Vol.23 (2), p.379-383</ispartof><rights>2011 American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c354t-99050ec13a55633dee5c2ff38d90ead3ffbd91f43644c61107068ae2991c37393</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c354t-99050ec13a55633dee5c2ff38d90ead3ffbd91f43644c61107068ae2991c37393</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21398469$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Davies, Jennifer L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haldorson, Gary J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bradway, Dan S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Britton, Ann P.</creatorcontrib><title>Fatal Hepatic Sarcocystosis in a Captive Black Bear (Ursus Americanus) Associated with Sarcocystis Canis-Like Infection</title><title>Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation</title><addtitle>J Vet Diagn Invest</addtitle><description>Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis was diagnosed in a 13-year-old captive black bear (Ursus americanus) with a history of acute onset of vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, and bilirubinuria. 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subjects	Animals DNA, Protozoan - chemistry DNA, Protozoan - genetics Fatal Outcome Liver Diseases, Parasitic - parasitology Liver Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary Male Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - chemistry RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics Sarcocystis - genetics Sarcocystis - isolation & purification Sarcocystosis - parasitology Sarcocystosis - veterinary Ursidae - parasitology
title	Fatal Hepatic Sarcocystosis in a Captive Black Bear (Ursus Americanus) Associated with Sarcocystis Canis-Like Infection
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